1、剛啟動(dòng)就猛轟油門
裝載機(jī)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)剛啟動(dòng)時(shí)，機(jī)身溫度低、機(jī)油黏度大、流動(dòng)性差，機(jī)油在短時(shí)間內(nèi)不能暢流至各潤滑點(diǎn)。如果此時(shí)猛轟油門，會(huì)導(dǎo)致發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速瞬時(shí)升高，各運(yùn)動(dòng)副潤滑不良，運(yùn)行阻力也會(huì)增大，如果猛轟油門，活塞、連桿、曲軸會(huì)產(chǎn)生劇烈撞擊，加速機(jī)件的損壞。
When the loader engine just started, low body temperature, oil viscosity, poor mobility, not the smooth flow of oil in a short time to the lubrication points. If at this time Meng throttle will result in increased engine speed transient adverse movements deputy lubrication, running resistance will increase, if Meng throttle, piston, connecting rod, crankshaft will have a dramatic impact,accelerating mechanical damage.

2、啟動(dòng)后不經(jīng)曖機(jī)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)而直接作業(yè)
由于機(jī)身溫度低，機(jī)油黏度大，會(huì)使機(jī)油泵供油不足，導(dǎo)致短時(shí)間內(nèi)運(yùn)動(dòng)副得不到良好的潤滑，磨損加劇。大負(fù)荷時(shí)，甚至?xí)l(fā)生拉缸、抱瓦等事故。在冬季，液壓軟管脆性大，直接作業(yè)易迸裂，會(huì)使液壓油大量外泄。
As the body temperature is low, oil viscosity, will pump oil supply shortage, resulting in a short time deputy campaign not good lubrication, wear and tear. When a large load, or even pull the cylinder, hold tile and other accidents will happen. In winter, the hydraulic hoses brittle, easily burst direct jobs, will make a lot of hydraulic fluid leakage.

3、作業(yè)過程中直接補(bǔ)充冷卻水
冷卻水不足，將導(dǎo)致柴油機(jī)缺水過熱。柴油機(jī)高溫狀態(tài)下直接補(bǔ)充冷卻水，整個(gè)冷卻系統(tǒng)瞬間會(huì)產(chǎn)生大的溫差，使缸蓋、缸套、缸體等瞬間脆裂，產(chǎn)生微裂紋，逐漸滲漏冷卻水，以致漏油、漏氣。
Insufficient cooling water will cause the diesel shortage overheating. Diesel directly under high temperature cooling water added, the entire cooling system instantly generates a large temperature difference, so that the cylinder head, cylinder liner, cylinder and other instant rattle, microcracks, gradually leaking cooling water, resulting in oil spills, leaks.

4、長時(shí)間怠速運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)
特別在冬季野外作業(yè)，天氣寒冷，不易啟動(dòng)，不少駕駛員習(xí)慣于裝載機(jī)不作業(yè)時(shí)讓其長時(shí)間怠速運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。長時(shí)間怠速運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)油泵會(huì)出現(xiàn)泵油不足，機(jī)油壓力低，各運(yùn)動(dòng)副需求潤滑的油量和油壓達(dá)不到要求，摩擦阻力增大，磨損加劇，特別是活塞、缸套磨損大，易造成竄氣；有時(shí)還會(huì)導(dǎo)致氣門和活塞環(huán)卡死。此外，長時(shí)間怠速運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)柴油霧化不良，燃燒不完全，會(huì)造成滯燃期延長，積炭嚴(yán)重，工作粗暴。
Special field operations in the winter, cold weather, easy to start, many drivers do not work when used loaders allowed prolonged idling. Prolonged idling pump will pump oil shortfalls, low oil pressure, fuel and lubricating oil pressure needs of each deputy campaign mainly the friction increases, increased wear, especially in the piston, cylinder liner wear, easy cause channeling gas;sometimes lead to valve and piston rings stuck. In addition, prolonged idling diesel poor atomization, incomplete combustion, ignition delay will cause prolonged, severe coke, work rude.

5、啟動(dòng)困難時(shí)引火曖機(jī)
裝載機(jī)不易啟動(dòng)時(shí)，有的駕駛員使用明火置于進(jìn)氣口或進(jìn)氣支管與氣泵氣管接口處，啟動(dòng)柴油機(jī)，強(qiáng)制助燃柴油機(jī)。這種作法不僅會(huì)使空濾燒損，而且會(huì)導(dǎo)致點(diǎn)火不正時(shí)，柴油機(jī)提前或滯后暴燃，工作粗暴，缸套、活塞、連桿等受力部件受到劇烈沖擊，受力不均，損壞機(jī)件。因此，嚴(yán)禁啟動(dòng)困難時(shí)引火著車。
When the loader is not easy to start, and some drivers to use an open flame into the air intake or intake manifold and pump pipe interface, start the engine, forced combustion diesel engines. This approach will not only burn the air filter, and will lead to errors when the ignition, diesel advance or lag deflagration, work rude, cylinder, piston, connecting rod and other parts subject to severe impact force, uneven force, damaged machine pieces. Therefore, non-pyrophoric difficult to start the car.

6、帶負(fù)荷停機(jī)或作業(yè)后立即停機(jī)
裝載機(jī)帶負(fù)荷停機(jī)或作業(yè)后立即停機(jī)，冷卻系統(tǒng)隨即停止工作，散熱能力急劇下降。工作產(chǎn)生的大量熱量積聚在熱源附近不能及時(shí)散發(fā)，使氣缸蓋、缸套、缸體等受熱部件的冷卻水沸騰，機(jī)件過熱，高溫?zé)g。同時(shí)還會(huì)使附著其表面的機(jī)油變質(zhì)，造成下次啟動(dòng)困難。
Loaders with load after downtime or job immediately shut down, the cooling system immediately stops working, a sharp decline in cooling capacity. Work generated a lot of heat build-up in the vicinity of the heat source can not be distributed, so that the cylinder head cooling water cylinder, cylinder and other parts of the boiling heat, mechanical overheating, high-temperature ablation. While also so attached to its surface oil deterioration, causing difficulty in starting the next.